标签： philosophy

西方哲学中的道德来源

思想路线 代表人物 道德来源 核心判断 神命论 奥古斯丁 上帝或神圣意志 善来自上帝的命令或神圣秩序。 自然法 阿奎纳、洛克 人的自然本性与目的 善是符合人的自然目的和理性秩序。 德性伦理学 亚里士多德 人的完善与幸福生活 道德不是规则优先，而是成为一个有德性的人。 道德情感论 休谟、亚当·斯密 同情、赞许、怜悯等情感 道德判断来自人的情感结构。 … More

赫拉克利特：生平与主要哲学思想

Heraclitus, an early Greek philosopher from Ephesus, emphasized the constant flow and change of reality, famously articulating that one cannot step into the same river twice. He believed in a deeper order called logos, coexisting with change. His philosophy asserts that opposites generate harmony and that conflict is integral to existence, challenging traditional notions of stability and order.

泰勒斯：生平与主要哲学思想

Thales of Miletus, a key figure in ancient Greek philosophy, proposed water as the fundamental principle of all things and shifted explanations from mythology to nature. He emphasized that nature is ordered and intelligible, laying the groundwork for rational inquiry. His approach marked the beginning of Western philosophy and the search for unified principles.