<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5927\u56fd\u8005\u4e0b\u6d41\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u4ea4\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u725d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u725d\u5e38\u4ee5\u9759\u80dc\u7261\uff0c\u4ee5\u9759\u4e3a\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6545\u5927\u56fd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c0f\u56fd\uff0c\u5219\u53d6\u5c0f\u56fd\uff1b\u5c0f\u56fd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u5219\u53d6\u5927\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6545\u6216\u4e0b\u4ee5\u53d6\uff0c\u6216\u4e0b\u800c\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5927\u56fd\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6b32\u517c\u755c\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0f\u56fd\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6b32\u5165\u4e8b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u592b\u4e24\u8005\u5404\u5f97\u5176\u6240\u6b32\uff0c\u5927\u8005\u5b9c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n English Translation<\/p>\n\n\n\n A great state is like a low-lying river,<\/p>\n\n\n\n The meeting place of the world,<\/p>\n\n\n\n The female of the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The female always conquers the male through stillness,<\/p>\n\n\n\n By being lowly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thus a great state that places itself below a small state, wins the small state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A small state that places itself below a great state, wins the great state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thus one wins by yielding,<\/p>\n\n\n\n And one wins by submitting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The great state only wishes to embrace others;<\/p>\n\n\n\n The small state only wishes to serve others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n So both achieve what they desire\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is fitting for the great to remain low.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\u7b54\u8bb2\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u56fd\u8981\u201c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u201d\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b54\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u8c26\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u5927\u56fd\u82e5\u4ee5\u9ad8\u538b\u5bf9\u5f85\u5c0f\u56fd\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u6c11\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q: Why should a great state \u201cplace itself below\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A: Because humility earns true respect. A great state that oppresses loses hearts, while yielding wins loyalty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9053\u8005\uff0c\u4e07\u7269\u4e4b\u5965\u3002\u5584\u4eba\u4e4b\u5b9d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5584\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u4fdd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7f8e\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e02\u5c0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5584\uff0c\u4f55\u5f03\u4e4b\u6709\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6545\u7acb\u5929\u5b50\uff0c\u7f6e\u4e09\u516c\uff0c\u867d\u6709\u62f1\u74a7\u4ee5\u5148\u9a77\u9a6c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5750\u8fdb\u6b64\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u53e4\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8d35\u6b64\u9053\u8005\u4f55\uff1f\u4e0d\u66f0\u4ee5\u6c42\u5f97\uff0c\u6709\u7f6a\u4ee5\u514d\u90aa\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6545\u4e3a\u5929\u4e0b\u8d35\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n English Translation<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dao is the mystery of all things,<\/p>\n\n\n\n The treasure of the good,<\/p>\n\n\n\n The protection of the not-good.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fine words can buy honor;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Good deeds can elevate others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Why should the not-good be abandoned?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thus, when establishing the emperor or appointing ministers,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Though one offers jade discs and four horses,<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is not as good as presenting Dao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Why did the ancients prize Dao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Was it not because with it, one may gain,<\/p>\n\n\n\n And with guilt, be pardoned?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Therefore, it is valued by the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\u7b54\u8bb2\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4e0d\u5584\u4eba\u201d\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u9053\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b54\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u9053\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5584\u4eba\u7684\u5b9d\u85cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6076\u4eba\u8d56\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q: Why do even the not-good need Dao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A: Because Dao is universal\u2014it sustains both good and not-good, offering all a chance to live and reform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e3a\u65e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e8b\u65e0\u4e8b\uff0c\u5473\u65e0\u5473\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5927\u5c0f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u62a5\u6028\u4ee5\u5fb7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u56fe\u96be\u4e8e\u5176\u6613\uff0c\u4e3a\u5927\u4e8e\u5176\u7ec6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5929\u4e0b\u96be\u4e8b\uff0c\u5fc5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u6613\uff1b\u5929\u4e0b\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u5fc5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u7ec6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u662f\u4ee5\u5723\u4eba\u7ec8\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5927\uff0c\u6545\u80fd\u6210\u5176\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n English Translation<\/p>\n\n\n\n Act without acting,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Work without working,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Savor the flavorless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Make the small great,<\/p>\n\n\n\n The few many;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Repay resentment with virtue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Plan the difficult while it is easy,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do the great while it is small.<\/p>\n\n\n\n All difficult things in the world<\/p>\n\n\n\n Begin as easy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n All great things in the world<\/p>\n\n\n\n Begin as small.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thus the sage never attempts greatness,<\/p>\n\n\n\n And therefore achieves greatness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\u7b54\u8bb2\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u201c\u62a5\u6028\u4ee5\u5fb7\u201d\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b54\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u6028\u62a5\u6028\u53ea\u4f1a\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u4ee5\u5fb7\u5316\u6028\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u9664\u5bf9\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q: Why \u201crepay resentment with virtue\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A: Because repaying resentment with resentment fuels endless conflict. Only virtue dissolves hostility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u56db\u7ae0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5176\u5b89\u6613\u6301\uff0c\u5176\u672a\u5146\u6613\u8c0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5176\u8106\u6613\u6cee\uff0c\u5176\u5fae\u6613\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e3a\u4e4b\u4e8e\u672a\u6709\uff0c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e8e\u672a\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5408\u62b1\u4e4b\u6728\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u6beb\u672b\uff1b\u4e5d\u5c42\u4e4b\u53f0\uff0c\u8d77\u4e8e\u7d2f\u571f\uff1b\u5343\u91cc\u4e4b\u884c\uff0c\u59cb\u4e8e\u8db3\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e3a\u8005\u8d25\u4e4b\uff0c\u6267\u8005\u5931\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u662f\u4ee5\u5723\u4eba\u65e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6545\u65e0\u8d25\uff1b\u65e0\u6267\uff0c\u6545\u65e0\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6c11\u4e4b\u4ece\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e38\u4e8e\u51e0\u6210\u800c\u8d25\u4e4b\u3002\u614e\u7ec8\u5982\u59cb\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u8d25\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u662f\u4ee5\u5723\u4eba\u6b32\u4e0d\u6b32\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d35\u96be\u5f97\u4e4b\u8d27\uff1b\u5b66\u4e0d\u5b66\uff0c\u590d\u4f17\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u8fc7\uff1b\u4ee5\u8f85\u4e07\u7269\u4e4b\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u6562\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n English Translation<\/p>\n\n\n\n What is at rest is easy to hold;<\/p>\n\n\n\n What has not begun is easy to plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n What is fragile is easy to break;<\/p>\n\n\n\n What is minute is easy to scatter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Act upon things before they exist;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Manage them before disorder arises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A tree that fills the arms grows from a tiny sprout;<\/p>\n\n\n\n A nine-story tower begins with a heap of earth;<\/p>\n\n\n\n A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n He who acts spoils it;<\/p>\n\n\n\n He who grasps loses it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Therefore the sage does not act,<\/p>\n\n\n\n And thus does not spoil;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Does not grasp,<\/p>\n\n\n\n And thus does not lose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The people\u2019s affairs often fail at the brink of success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n If they were as careful at the end as at the beginning,<\/p>\n\n\n\n They would not fail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Therefore the sage desires no desires,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Does not value rare treasures,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Learns unlearning,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Returns to what the masses have passed by.<\/p>\n\n\n\n He supports the natural course of all things,<\/p>\n\n\n\n And dares not act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\u7b54\u8bb2\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u614e\u7ec8\u5982\u59cb\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u8d25\u4e8b\u201d\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b54\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u5feb\u6210\u529f\u65f6\u677e\u61c8\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u529f\u4e8f\u4e00\u7bd1\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u59cb\u7ec8\u5982\u4e00\u7684\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5706\u6ee1\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q: Why emphasize \u201cbe careful at the end as at the beginning\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A: Because people often fail at the final step. Consistent care ensures success without collapse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u53e4\u4e4b\u5584\u4e3a\u9053\u8005\uff0c\u975e\u4ee5\u660e\u6c11\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u611a\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6c11\u4e4b\u96be\u6cbb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u667a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6545\u4ee5\u667a\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u56fd\u4e4b\u8d3c\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0d\u4ee5\u667a\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u56fd\u4e4b\u798f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u77e5\u6b64\u4e24\u8005\u4ea6\u7a3d\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5e38\u77e5\u7a3d\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u8c13\u7384\u5fb7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7384\u5fb7\u6df1\u77e3\uff0c\u8fdc\u77e3\uff0c\u4e0e\u7269\u53cd\u77e3\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u4e8e\u5927\u987a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n English Translation<\/p>\n\n\n\n The ancients who excelled in Dao<\/p>\n\n\n\n Did not try to enlighten the people,<\/p>\n\n\n\n But rather kept them simple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The people are hard to govern<\/p>\n\n\n\n Because they have much cleverness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Therefore, ruling a state with cleverness\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n Is a thief to the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Not ruling with cleverness\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n Brings blessing to the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Knowing these two is the model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Always knowing the model\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is called profound virtue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Profound virtue is deep and far,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Returning with things,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Until it reaches great harmony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\u7b54\u8bb2\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u201c\u6c11\u4e4b\u96be\u6cbb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u667a\u591a\u201d\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7b54\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u667a\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5c0f\u806a\u660e\u4e0e\u8be1\u8bc8\u3002\u592a\u591a\u7684\u6743\u8c0b\u4e0e\u79c1\u667a\u53cd\u800c\u9020\u6210\u793e\u4f1a\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5927\u9053\u6cbb\u7406\u91cd\u5728\u8d28\u6734\u65e0\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q: Why does it say \u201cthe people are hard to govern because they have much cleverness\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n A: Here \u201ccleverness\u201d means cunning and trickery. Too much scheming disrupts harmony. Daoist governance values simplicity over cleverness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u6545\u5927\u56fd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c0f\u56fd\uff0c\u5219\u53d6\u5c0f\u56fd\uff1b\u5c0f\u56fd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u5219\u53d6\u5927\u56fd\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"author":17897162,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_geoff_meta_description_en":"","_geoff_meta_description_zh":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[783695773],"tags":[5367918],"class_list":["post-10861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-study-notes-on-daoist-philosophy","tag-5367918","post_format-post-format-image",""],"translatepress_titles":{"en_AU":"\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u7ecf\u300b\u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e00\u5230\u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0Study Notes on Dao De Jing, Chapters 61-65"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1ar9H-2Pb","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17897162"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10861"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10863,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10861\/revisions\/10863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}