{"id":10448,"date":"2025-08-29T12:54:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-29T02:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/2025\/08\/29\/%e7%ba%af%e7%b2%b9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e6%89%b9%e5%88%a4%e4%b9%8b%e5%85%88%e9%aa%8c%e6%84%9f%e6%80%a7%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%88transcendental-aesthetic%ef%bc%89%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0\/"},"modified":"2025-09-11T14:14:19","modified_gmt":"2025-09-11T04:14:19","slug":"%e7%ba%af%e7%b2%b9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e6%89%b9%e5%88%a4%e4%b9%8b%e5%85%88%e9%aa%8c%e6%84%9f%e6%80%a7%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%88transcendental-aesthetic%ef%bc%89%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/%e7%ba%af%e7%b2%b9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e6%89%b9%e5%88%a4%e4%b9%8b%e5%85%88%e9%aa%8c%e6%84%9f%e6%80%a7%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%88transcendental-aesthetic%ef%bc%89%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u4e4b\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\uff08Transcendental Aesthetic\uff09\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Photo by Geoffrey Chen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5eb7\u5fb7\u300a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u300b\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u00b7\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4 (Section 1: Space) \u7684\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\u4e0e\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Norman Kemp Smith \u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\uff081929, 2nd edition\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\uff1aSection 1 \u2014 Space<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Section I. Of Space<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Space is not an empirical concept which has been derived from outer experiences. For in order that certain sensations be referred to something outside me (that is, to something in a different region of space from that in which I am), and similarly in order that I may be able to represent them as outside and alongside and not merely as different, the representation of space must already be there. The representation of space cannot, therefore, be empirically obtained from the relations of outer appearance. This outer experience is itself possible at all only through that representation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Space is a necessary a priori representation, which underlies all outer intuitions. We can never represent to ourselves the absence of space, though we can quite well think it as empty of objects. It must therefore be regarded as the condition of the possibility of appearances, and not as a determination dependent upon them, and is a representation a priori which necessarily underlies outer appearances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) Space is not a discursive or general concept of the relations of things, but a pure intuition. For first, we can represent to ourselves only one space, and when we speak of many spaces, we mean only parts of one and the same unique space. These parts cannot precede this one all-embracing space as constituents (out of which its possibility can be constructed), but can be thought only as in it. Space is essentially one; the manifold in it, and therefore the general concept of spaces in general, depends solely upon limitations. From this it follows that in respect of its form it is not a concept but an intuition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) Space is represented as an infinite given magnitude. Now every concept must be thought as a representation which is contained in an infinite number of different possible representations (as their common characteristic), and which therefore cannot be regarded as, in itself, containing an infinite number of representations. But no concept, as such, can be thought as if it contained in itself an infinite number of representations. Nevertheless, space is so thought (for all parts of space exist simultaneously ad infinitum). Consequently the original representation of space is an intuition a priori, not a concept.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282 \u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282 \u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff081\uff09\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u67d0\u4e9b\u611f\u89c9\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6211\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u67d0\u7269\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0e\u6211\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u533a\u57df\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u8868\u8c61\u4e3a\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e76\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u5fc5\u987b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5148\u5728\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u5916\u89c2\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u7ecf\u9a8c\u672c\u8eab\u53ea\u6709\u501f\u52a9\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff082\uff09\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u5929\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u8868\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u652f\u6491\u7740\u4e00\u5207\u5916\u90e8\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbe\u60f3\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u65e0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u5207\u5916\u89c2\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5916\u89c2\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7136\u5148\u5929\u7684\u8868\u8c61\uff0c\u5148\u884c\u4e8e\u5e76\u652f\u6491\u4e00\u5207\u5916\u90e8\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff083\uff09\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u7269\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bba\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7eaf\u7cb9\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5148\u884c\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u5305\u7f57\u4e07\u6709\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7a7a\u95f4\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u88ab\u601d\u8003\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff084\uff09\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u8868\u8c61\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u91cf\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u6982\u5ff5\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u65e0\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u8c61\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u6982\u5ff5\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5bb9\u7eb3\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5374\u88ab\u5982\u6b64\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u65e0\u9650\u5730\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u539f\u521d\u8868\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5148\u5929\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eb7\u5fb7\u300a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u300b\u00b7\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u00b7\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4 (Section 2: Time) \u7684\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\u4e0e\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u4f9d\u7136\u91c7\u7528 Norman Kemp Smith \u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\uff1aSection 2 \u2014 Time<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Section II. Of Time<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Time is not an empirical concept that has been derived from any experience. For simultaneity or succession would themselves not enter into perception if the representation of time were not presupposed. Only on the presupposition of time can we represent to ourselves that certain things exist at the same time (simultaneously) or at different times (successively).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Time is a necessary representation lying at the foundation of all our intuitions. With respect to appearances in general we cannot think away time itself, though we can quite well think time as void of appearances. Time is therefore given a priori. In it alone is actuality of appearances possible at all. Appearances may, one and all, vanish; but time (as the universal condition of their possibility) cannot itself be removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) On this necessity a priori is also based the possibility of apodictic principles of relations of time, or axioms of time in general. Time has only one dimension; different times are not simultaneous but successive (just as different spaces are not successive but simultaneous). These principles cannot be derived from experience; for experience would give neither strict universality nor apodictic certainty. We should only be able to say that common perception so teaches, and that what is so taught is what we have always perceived, and not that it must be so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) Time is not a discursive, or general concept, but a pure form of sensible intuition. Different times are but parts of one and the same time. Representation of time, like that of space, cannot be generated through concepts; it must be immediately given through intuition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(5) Time is an infinite given magnitude. Different times are only limitations of one and the same time. Thus the principle that all different times are only parts of one and the same time is necessary. In this sense, time is regarded as infinite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282 \u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282 \u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff081\uff09\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u5c31\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u77e5\u89c9\u4e2d\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u201c\u540c\u65f6\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5148\u540e\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9884\u8bbe\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u8868\u8c61\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u76f8\u7ee7\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff082\uff09\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u76f4\u89c2\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7136\u8868\u8c61\u3002\u5c31\u5916\u89c2\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbe\u60f3\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5148\u5929\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u3002\u552f\u6709\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u89c2\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u901d\uff0c\u4f46\u65f6\u95f4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff083\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5148\u5929\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u539f\u5219\uff08\u5373\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u7406\uff09\u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff1b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u5e76\u5b58\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u7ee7\uff08\u6b63\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u7ee7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e76\u5b58\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5f97\u6765\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u65e2\u4e0d\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7ed9\u4e88\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3002\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u77e5\u89c9\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u5fc5\u987b\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff084\uff09\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u8bba\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u611f\u6027\u76f4\u89c2\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6982\u5ff5\u5efa\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u89c2\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u4e88\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff085\uff09\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u91cf\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u201c\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u201d\u4e2d\u7684 \u7a7a\u95f4 (Space) \u4e0e \u65f6\u95f4 (Time) \u4e24\u8282\u5c31\u5b8c\u6574\u4e86 \u2705\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eb7\u5fb7\u300a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u300b\u00b7\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u00b7\u603b\u8bba (General Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic) \u7684\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\u4e0e\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f Norman Kemp Smith \u8bd1\u672c\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\uff1aGeneral Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) In order to avoid all misapprehension, it is necessary to explain as clearly as possible what our view is regarding the mode of existence of the objects of outer intuition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We have asserted that all our intuition is nothing but the representation of appearances; that the things which we intuit are not in themselves the same as our representations of them, nor are their relations in themselves so constituted as they appear to us; and that if we remove our subject, or even only the subjective constitution of the senses in general, all constitution, all relations of objects in space and time, indeed space and time themselves, would vanish. As appearances, they cannot exist in themselves, but only in us. What objects may be in themselves, and apart from all this receptivity of our sensibility, remains entirely unknown to us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) The things which we intuit are not given in themselves independently of our sensibility; they exist only through it. What we call outer objects are nothing but mere representations of our sensibility, the form of which is space; the true correlate of sensibility, the thing in itself, is not and cannot be known through these representations, and in experience never appears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) What then are we to say of the assertion that space and time are actual (real) existences? It means that without them no experience is possible; therefore they are the conditions of the possibility of experience, and in that sense they are rightly said to be real. But that they are things subsisting in themselves, or determinations inhering in objects independently of our sensibility, is quite impossible. Such assertions as \u201cspace is infinite,\u201d \u201ctime has no beginning,\u201d and so forth, are valid enough, but they do not apply to things in themselves (which we can never know), but only to appearances \u2014 the world of sense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) Finally, transcendental aesthetic cannot contain more than these two elements, namely space and time. If we remove these, not a single object of our senses can be given. Whatever might be our concepts of objects, without the formal conditions of sensibility, no object can ever be given to us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u00b7\u603b\u8bba<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u00b7\u603b\u8bba<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff081\uff09\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u76f4\u89c2\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u65ad\u8a00\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u76f4\u89c2\u90fd\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u8868\u8c61\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u540c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8868\u8c61\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u6389\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53bb\u6389\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u4e3b\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u6784\u6210\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u5982\u4f55\u3001\u5728\u611f\u6027\u53d7\u52a8\u6027\u4e4b\u5916\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff082\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u611f\u6027\u800c\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u6027\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u79f0\u4e3a\u5916\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u8868\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b\u611f\u6027\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5bf9\u5e94\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u8c61\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff083\uff09\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u201c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u8bf4\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u81ea\u4e3a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u611f\u6027\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u90a3\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u201d\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u65e0\u59cb\u65e0\u7ec8\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u56fa\u7136\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7269\u81ea\u4f53\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff084\uff09\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u6389\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u4e88\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f3a\u5c11\u611f\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2e3b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5148\u9a8c\u611f\u6027\u8bba\uff08Transcendental Aesthetic\uff09\u5c31\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86 \u2705\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 \u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f4 (Space)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4 (Time)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 \u603b\u8bba (General Remarks)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u5165 \u5148\u9a8c\u903b\u8f91 (Transcendental Logic) \u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2014<\/p>","protected":false},"author":17897162,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_geoff_meta_description_en":"","_geoff_meta_description_zh":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[36593],"tags":[1868,9581],"class_list":["post-10448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-kant","tag-philosophy","tag-9581","post_format-post-format-image","","has-post-thumbnail","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1ar9H-2Iw","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10448","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17897162"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10448"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10448\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10455,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10448\/revisions\/10455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10448"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10448"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffreychen.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10448"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}